{
  "version": "1.16.0",
  "releasedAt": "2026-09-07",
  "kpi": {
    "rogueId": "finance.np_management_general_expense",
    "slug": "np_management_general_expense",
    "domain": "finance",
    "defaultLabel": "Management & General",
    "description": "Expense of governing and administering the organisation in the period — executive time not attributable to a programme, finance and HR, audit, insurance, board governance and general occupancy. The second FASB functional class. Persistently understating it is the best-known distortion in nonprofit reporting: real organisations need real administration.",
    "fieldType": "currency",
    "unit": null,
    "maturity": "general",
    "suggestedForStages": [
      "preSeed",
      "seed",
      "seriesA",
      "seriesB",
      "seriesC",
      "public"
    ],
    "defaultOwningFunctions": [
      "Finance"
    ],
    "stageRelevance": {
      "preSeed": "core",
      "seed": "core",
      "seriesA": "core",
      "seriesB": "core",
      "seriesC": "core",
      "public": "core"
    },
    "definitionSource": {
      "tier": "published",
      "sourceName": "FASB ASU 2016-14, Presentation of Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Entities",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.fasb.org/projects/completed-projects",
      "sectionRef": "ASC 958-720 (functional expense classification)",
      "publicationDate": "2016-08-01",
      "attributionNotice": null,
      "authorityLevel": "recognized-standard"
    },
    "formula": "Expenses allocated to management and general activity for the period, including the administrative share of shared costs.",
    "whyItMatters": "The board’s own honesty test: understating administration to flatter the programme ratio hides the cost of the infrastructure the mission actually runs on.",
    "interpretationGuidance": "A share in the low-to-mid teens is unremarkable for a small organisation; a share near zero is a reporting problem, not an achievement.",
    "relatedKpiIds": [
      "finance.np_total_functional_expenses",
      "finance.np_program_expense_ratio"
    ],
    "metricBasis": {
      "timeBasis": "period_flow",
      "production": "primary"
    }
  }
}